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Modular systems are designed for simplicity and efficiency. Each component of a modular steel railing can be pre-fabricated off-site, allowing for more precise manufacturing and reducing on-site labor time. This not only speeds up the installation process but also minimizes disruption to the surrounding area during construction. Moreover, the modular nature of these railings means they can be easily assembled and disassembled as needed. This flexibility is particularly beneficial for temporary installations, such as trade show displays or event venues, where modifications might be required frequently.
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- Despite its many benefits, discussions around titanium dioxide are not without controversy. Concerns about nanoparticles and their potential health effects when used in sunscreens or other products have prompted research into its safety at these microscopic scales. As with many advances in science, balancing the innovation titanium dioxide brings against the need for rigorous safety assessments is crucial.
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Studies suggest that people are more likely to buy and eat foods that are brighter or more vibrant in color. And titanium dioxide is one way to make that happen. You can find it in food products like candy, coffee creamer, baking and cake decorations, and white sauces.
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Studies have been carried out with both emulsion paints and powder paints, both with clear results on how the use of lithopone supplier 30% reduces the appearance of algae in the paint once it has been applied (see photos).
Application:
1. Due to its rheological and optical properties, Lithopone offers technical and economic advantages wherever organic and inorganic resin systems need to be relatively highly pigmented for specific applications. Lithopone has therefore traditionally been used in putties, mastics, jointing and sealing compounds, primers, undercoats and marking paints. In powder coatings it is possible to replace TiO2 partially, very economically.
2. The low Mohs' hardness of Lithopone leads to low abrasiveness in comparison with TiO2.
3. Lithopone 30 % (= 30% zinc sulfide share) is proven to be of particular use as a TiO2 Substitute in thermoplastic masterbatches. Even at very high pigment loadings it disperses easily. A masterbatch containing 50 % TiO2 and 25 % Lithopone 30 % DS has the same hiding power as one containing 60 %TiO2. Cost savings are strongly related to the price ratio of Lithopone and TiO2 and the price of for example polyethylene or polypropylene.
4. The Lithopone batch has a much higher extrusion rate too. Furthermore the impact strength of many thermoplastics such as PP and ABS can be noticeably improved by using Lithopone as a TiO2 substitute. Generally spoken, Lithopone can be used at loadings up to 80 % by weight without causing polymer breakdown
Titanium dioxide overnight news
Additional Health Concerns Linked to Titanium Dioxide
Following a request for assessment in 2020 by the EU, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) assessed E171, particularly for its genotoxicity. In 2022, the agency deemed the food additive no longer safe for use.
While the FDA maintains that the regulated use of titanium dioxide is safe, the European Food Safety Authority and some other experts warn of potential, serious health risks.

In a study published in 2022 in the journal Particle and Fibre Technology, researchers examined the impact of maternal exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles in newborn offspring mice. They found that “a chronic exposure to TiO2 NPs during pregnancy alters the respiratory activity of offspring, characterized by an abnormally elevated rate of breathing.” Breathing was also shown to be “significantly and abnormally accelerated,” and the ability for neural circuitry to effectively adjust breathing rates was impaired. The researchers concluded: “Our findings thus demonstrate that a maternal exposure to TiO2 NPs during pregnancy affects the normal development and operation of the respiratory centers in progeny.”
Durabo White, 24.5 per cent zinc sulphide, 51 per cent barium sulphate, 18 per cent white clay, 5.5 per cent infusorial earth.


One of the key advantages of using titanium dioxide in rubber is its ability to enhance the whiteness and brightness of rubber products. This is especially important in applications where aesthetic appeal is a priority, such as in the manufacturing of white or light-colored rubber goods. The high opacity of titanium dioxide allows for better hiding power, ensuring a uniform and attractive finish on rubber surfaces.
titanium dioxide used in rubber

What is an exposure route?
In a review published in 2022 in the journal Archives of Toxicology, researchers found that the ingestion of E171 is a “a definite health risk for consumers and their progeny.” After reviewing dozens of in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro studies on the toxicity of E171, the researchers wrote that two facts must be noted: “First, reprotoxicity studies show that animals of both sexes are impacted by the toxicity of these nanoparticles, underlining the importance of conducting in vivo studies using both male and female animals. Second, human exposure begins in utero via maternal-fetal transfer and continues after birth by breastfeeding. Children are then chronically re-exposed due to their food preferences. To be relevant to the human in vivo situation, experimental studies should therefore consider nanoparticle exposure with respect to the age or life period of the studied population.”